Maximizing the efficiency of 2D X-ray imaging in surgical procedures: Tracking and 3D visualization for enhanced control, awareness and improved patient safety

MRI, CT and PET are developed methods for use before surgical intervention. They can unfortunately not be used during surgery, which means that most procedures have to rely on X-ray imaging, where repeated “snapshots” provide an internal patient view. Every change of state from surgery requires a new X-ray image, and procedures that can’t be visually monitored require surgeons to “works in darkness” in-between many X-rays over time. Also, X-rays do not provide 3D information, often forces surgeons to take excessive hazardous exposures, over time, and from different angles.